Key Takeaways

• Heart failure affects millions globally
• Different types influence treatment approaches
• Symptoms include breathlessness and fatigue
• Risk factors are often lifestyle-related
• Diagnosis involves various medical tests
• Daily management improves quality of life

Types of Heart Failure

Heart failure is categorized based on how well the heart pumps blood. The two main types are left-sided and right-sided heart failure. Left-sided heart failure can be further divided into:

• Systolic heart failure: the heart cannot pump effectively
• Diastolic heart failure: the heart is too stiff to fill properly

Right-sided heart failure often occurs due to complications from left-sided failure, leading to fluid buildup in the body.

Symptoms and Causes of Heart Failure

Common symptoms include:

• Shortness of breath
• Fatigue
• Swelling in the legs, ankles, or abdomen

Heart failure can develop due to conditions that weaken or damage the heart, such as coronary artery disease and high blood pressure. Lifestyle factors—poor diet and lack of exercise—also contribute.

Heart Failure Risk Factors and Populations

Risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing heart failure:

• Age
• Family history
• Obesity
• Diabetes
• High blood pressure

Certain populations are more vulnerable, particularly older adults and those with chronic health conditions. Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption significantly elevate risk.

How Is Heart Failure Diagnosed?

Diagnosis typically includes:

1. Medical history review
2. Physical examination
3. Blood tests
4. Chest X-ray
5. Echocardiogram
6. Electrocardiogram (ECG)

These assessments determine the type and severity of heart failure, guiding appropriate treatment plans.

Treatment for Heart Failure

Treatment commonly involves:

• Lifestyle modifications: heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation
• Medications: to manage symptoms and improve heart function
• Surgical interventions (in advanced cases): such as heart transplant

Daily Management of Heart Failure

Effective daily management includes:

• Monitoring weight to detect fluid retention
• Following prescribed diets (low salt, balanced nutrients)
• Engaging in light physical activity as tolerated
• Keeping regular check-ups with healthcare providers

Health Tips

• Adopt a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables
• Engage in regular physical activity to strengthen the heart
• Monitor weight daily to detect fluid retention
• Limit salt intake to prevent fluid buildup
• Quit smoking to improve cardiovascular health
• Stay informed about your condition and treatment options

Zeteo Health’s content is based on trusted public health, government, and academic sources and reviewed by medical experts. The information provided is for educational purposes only and should not be construed as clinical advice. Always consult a healthcare provider for any questions or concerns regarding your health or clinical decisions.